Warsaw Citadel

The Warsaw Citadel is a pentagon-shaped fortress defined by its imposing brick walls and surrounding moat. Built by order of Tsar Nicholas the First following the failed November Uprising of eighteen thirty, this site was intended to exert total control over the city. Its construction required the demolition of seventy-six residential buildings and the displacement of fifteen thousand inhabitants, forcing the city to fund the very structure that served as a symbol of its subjugation.